How do you file taxes in Spain in 2026?

Agencia Tributaria opens an annual Renta campaign each spring on the electronic sede. You review preloaded fiscal data, correct missing foreign income or deductions, then confirm and submit online. Access is usually Cl@ve Móvil, a recognised electronic certificate, a Renta reference number, or approved EU eIDAS login. Exact opening and closing dates are republished every campaign year, so treat the pattern as durable: spring start, mid-year close, not a memorised calendar from a blog.

Employees normally see wages already reported by Spanish employers. Self-employed people, landlords, and anyone with foreign-source income must check annexes and boxes carefully rather than clicking through a draft. Non-residents and special regimes use different modelos and portals; this page is about resident IRPF Renta, not every Hacienda form in existence.

Set up Cl@ve or an FNMT persona física certificate before the campaign gets busy: Set up a digital certificate or Cl@ve. Refunds and payments are smoother once a Spanish euro IBAN from open a bank account is ready for domiciliation.

Work affiliation and contributions live with Social Security, not Hacienda alone. Keep your Social Security number and employer or autónomo filings aligned with the income story you declare. Municipal padrón and immigration cards do not file tax for you, but your Spanish address and identity pack should match what banks and employers already reported: finish the post-move chain in paperwork after moving.

Keep payslips, bank interest certificates, rental contracts, and foreign tax statements in one folder. If Agencia Tributaria later asks for evidence, matching names, NIE, and address across those papers matters more than a polished spreadsheet.