OPT is a student work path, not a generic job visa. The school’s Designated School Official (DSO) and USCIS both have to say yes before the EAD card unlocks payroll.
How does standard post-completion OPT work?
Confirm you are in valid F-1 status and that your program qualifies. Ask your DSO for an OPT recommendation so a new Form I-20 shows the endorsement. File Form I-765 with the correct eligibility category, fee, photos, and evidence inside the filing window your school and USCIS instructions describe. Many students file through a USCIS online account.
Do not start employment until the EAD validity dates begin. Employers still run Form I-9: Complete Form I-9. Get an SSN for payroll if you do not already have one: Get an SSN. Broader EAD context: Apply for work authorization.
What changes for STEM OPT?
STEM OPT is an extension after initial OPT for students with qualifying STEM degrees. You need a DSO-endorsed I-20, Form I-765 with the employer’s E-Verify details, and a Form I-983 training plan with an E-Verify employer. Timely filing can trigger automatic extension rules while the case is pending; read the live USCIS STEM OPT page for the current automatic-extension length and reporting duties.
Keep I-94 and SEVIS records consistent: Check your I-94. Study status basics: Apply for a study permit. Card renewals later: Renew work authorization.
Common misconceptions
Assuming a job offer alone creates OPT fails without DSO recommendation and an approved EAD.
Assuming STEM OPT is automatic for every science major also fails; degree, employer E-Verify, and I-983 rules still gate the extension.
Summary
Secure the DSO I-20 recommendation, file I-765 on time, and wait for EAD dates before you work. Treat STEM OPT as a second, stricter filing, not as a casual renewal.
Sources
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